Abstract: In this article, we investigate the optimal control problem for an unknown linear time-invariant system. To solve this problem, a novel composite policy iteration algorithm based on adaptive ...

Abstract: The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) presents significant challenges for path planning algorithms in dynamic traffic environments. This article proposes the Dynamic Cooperative Whale Optimization ...

An algorithm is a set of instructions that helps computers solve problems. It forms the foundation of programming and plays a major role in software development, artificial intelligence, and modern ...