Variation is the differences between individuals of the same species, caused by genetic and environmental factors. Surveys into variation give data that are continuous, which means to come in a range, ...

We have little understanding about the evolutionary forces that influence the genes underlying complex-trait variation. Genome-wide association studies and analyses of amino-acid polymorphisms are ...

Behaviours are complex traits determined by the combined effects of many independently segregating genes that are sensitive to the environment. As they are typical quantitative traits they require the ...